Projects

Global Tree Seed Bank Program

Kate and Chotgun
Kate Hardwick from RBG Kew trains FORRU-CMU staff in seed processing (photo S. Elliott)
Nov 01
2020
-
Dec 31
2026
Thailand

The Global Tree Seed Bank Programme is securing some of our planet's most threatened, rare and useful tree species. Funded by the Garfield Weston Foundation and co-ordinated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, the programme aims to collect and store seeds of more than 5,000 of the world's tree species.  In Thailand, under the 3rd phase of the project, FORRU-CMU worked in partnership with the Bangkok Forestry Herbarium (BKF) to collect and conserve seeds of 300 native species. Together, we also produced conservation assessments and distribution maps on 225 rare or species for IUCN's Red List system, with support from RBG Kew’s Plant Assessment Unit (PAU). Full details of FORRU-CMU's contribution to this project can be read in the reports available via the download panel. Using the conservation assessments from this project, we are currently working with RBG Kew, BKF and the National Biobank of Thailand to co-author a paper on the status and conservation of Thailand's rare or threatened tree species, with a view to developing a nationwide system to collect their seeds and conserve them, by ensuring they are included in forest restoration plantings.

Kate & Greuk
RBG Kew's Kate Hardwick (left) and FORRU-CMU's Greuk Pakkad (right) assess a seed collection

Latest news: this project was recently extended into a 4th phase (2024-26). During which FORRU-CMU will be involved in i) assessing the genetic structure of framework species populations; ii) assessing the supply and demand for seeds of framework tree species for restoration projects in Thailand; iii) determining the thermotolerance of framework species seeds (to build climate-change resilience into seed selection procedures) iv) developing planting-stock propagation procedures for data-deficient species and v) assisting Mount Ciremai National Park authority to establish their own FORRU in Indonesia. The project provides 3 full scholarships to CMU students to address these topics in their MSc and PhD projects. 

For information about the Millennium Seed Bank and the The Global Tree Seed Bank Programme, please contact Dr. Kate.

Seed Collection, Storage & Banking

Click here, if you opt to grow planting stock from seed - when to collect seeds; how to handle and store them until needed and how to bank them for conservation.

11: Producing Framework Tree Species for Restoring Forest Ecosystems in Northern Thailand

Publication date2008
Author(s)Elliott, S. & C. Kuaraksa
PublisherSmall Scale Forestry, 7:403-415. Springer
Format
Journal Paper

Abstract: Since 1994, the Forest Restoration Research Unit of Chiang Mai University’s Biology Department (FORRU-CMU) has been developing methods to restore forest ecosystems to deforested sites...

12: How to Plant a Forest: The Principles and Practice of Restoring Tropical Forests

Publication date2005
Author(s)The Forest Restoration Research Unit
Editors(s)Elliott, S., D. Blakesley, J.F. Maxwell, S,, Doust & S. Suwannaratana
PublisherFORRU-CMU
Format
Book

FORRU-CMU's second practical training manual was published in 2005. It includes generic principles of restoration theory and practice, applicable throughout the tropics, as well as  descriptions...

13: Genetic variation of Prunus cerasoides D. Don, a framework tree species in northern Thailand

Publication date14 Apr 2004
Author(s)Pakkad, G., C. James, F. Torre, S. Elliott & D. Blakesley
PublisherNew Forests 27: 189-200.
Format
Journal Paper

Prunus cerasoides D. Don has been identified as an excellent ‘framework tree species’ for restoring evergreen forest in seasonally dry tropical forestlands. Here we describe the level of...

14: Selection of Prunus cerasoides D. Don seed trees for forest restoration

Publication date2004
Author(s)Pakkad, G., S. Elliott & D. Blakesley
PublisherNew Forests, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands
Format
Journal Paper

ABSTRACT: Prunus cerasoides D. Don has been identified as a ‘framework species’ for restoring evergreen forest in seasonally dry climates. The aim of this study was to develop criteria to select...

15: Genetic diversity of Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC. in northern Thailand and the selection of seed trees for forest restoration

Publication date2004
Author(s)Blakesley, D., G. Pakkad, C. James, F. Torre & S. Elliott
PublisherNew Forests, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands
Format
Journal Paper

ABSTRACT: Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC. is one of several "framework species", which are being planted to restore seasonally dry tropical forests in northern Thailand. This study...

16: Selecting seed trees for a forest restoration program: a case study using Spondias axillaris Roxb. (Anacardiaceae)

Publication date03 Feb 2003
Author(s)Pakkad, G., F. Torre, S. Elliott & D. Blakesley.
PublisherForest Ecology & Management 182: 363-370
Format
Journal Paper

Spondias axillaris Roxb. (Anacardiaceae) (synonym: Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) Burtt and Hill) is an exceptionally effective framework tree species for restoring seasonal tropical forest...

17: Propagation of Native Forest Tree Species for Forest Restoration in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park

Publication date2003
Author(s)Vongkamjan, S
PublisherThe Graduate School, Chiang Mai University
Format
PhD Thesis

ABSTRACT: Restoring forest ecosystems by tree planting requires production of high quality planting stock, on a large scale, of a very wide range of indigenous forest tree species. Many of...

18: Propagating framework tree species to restore seasonally dry tropical forest: implications of seasonal seed dispersal and dormancy

Publication date2002
Author(s)Blakesley, D., S. Elliott, C. Kuarak, P. Navakitbumrung, S. Zangkum & V. Anusarnsunthorn.
PublisherElsevier: Forest Ecology & Management 164:31-38.
Format
Journal Paper

ABSTRACT: An effective approach to forest restoration in degraded tropical forestland is the so-called ‘framework species method’, which involves planting 20–30 indigenous forest tree species, to...

19: Replanting the World's Tropical Forests 

Publication date2001
Author(s)Elliott, S.
PublisherThe Natural History Bulletin of The Siam Society
Format
Review

A review of a symposium entitled "The Art and Practice of Conservation Planting", organized by the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute in September 2001 in Taipei. The symposium was meant to focus...

20: The Chiang Mai Research Agenda for the Restoration of Degraded Forestlands for Wildlife Conservation in Southeast Asia

Publication date2000
Author(s)Elliott, S., J. Kerby, D. Blakesley, K. Hardwick, K. Woods & V. Anusarnsunthorn
Editors(s)Elliott, S.
PublisherInternational Tropical Timber Organization and the Forest Restoration Research Unit, Chiang Mai University
Format
Conference Paper

Back in 2000, forest restoration research was far from main stream. Deforestation was regarded as irreversible and the idea that ecologists could actually find a way to restore tropical forest...